1.    Preface

The detailed description of SAAM NIRAM therapy is enshrined in the classics of Ayurved I have studied the above concept and have applied the same in my day to day practice. I practice only with Ayurvedic system of medicines, without using any modern drugs. Here I will try to describe the concept of SAAM NIRAM as I have understood, and also compare the same with modern medical science.

2.    Introduction

Pandit Vararuchi has stated in his book Yogshatak that…..

    fujke nsgL; gh Hks"ktkfu ;qDrkfu ve`rksiekfu AA

The meaning of the above stanza is as under. “ only in Niram body the medicines will beneficial as Amrut.

The auther has emphasized it by  putting   “gh” that strongly states that only Niram in body the medicines – drugs – treatment brings about miracles.

This stanza highlights the concept of Saam Niram. This is a very important and result oriented concept of Ayurved, rather this is a clue for the successful treatment of a patient in Ayurved.

Generally patients are prescribed medicines which are prescribed in the book for a particular disease, without considering Saam condition. Because of this medicines are not benefited.

Ayurved is our own medical science, written in Sanskrit language, in Sutratmak method [ short forms].

It is highly embarrassing to know that while European and western counties have started taking interest in Ayurved, we are running after modern medicines. Now WHO has also recognized Ayurved in their health programs this shows the importance of Ayurved.

3.    Concept of Saam Niram

This concept is describe only in Ayurvedic texts. This is a very basic and result oriented theory. It is considered as pre medical treatment of Ayurvedic methodology.

The literal meaning of Saam is with Aam and the meaning of Niram is without Aam.

The Saam Niram theory is briefly described as under

4.    Agni : the base of Saam Niram

The condition of Saam Niram is depends upon Agni. Agni is considered aas Jatharagni.Agni is the main cause for all diseases and health, as well Astanghruday has stated

            &nb sp;       jksxk% losZ·fi eansXukS lqrjka mnjkf.k p AA

It suggest that due to Agnimandya  - mal functions of Jatharagni diseases are caused.

Charaksanhita has also supported this as …..

            leizdksikS losZ"kka nks"kk.kkefXu lafJrkS AA p- fo- 5 @ 136

The balance and imbalance [natural and unnatural form] le fo"ke  of Dosh Dhatu and Mal are also depends upon Agni that is Jatharagni. The balance of Dosh etc. is health and its imbalance is disease. Imbalance means excess quantity o`f//k and less quantity {k;. Thus, Agni is the key factor in the treatment of Ayurved. Because, if Agni remains in its natural form – in proper strength the Dosh etc. are remains in balance, but, if Agni does not remains in the natural form i.e. Mand or Tivra – weak or very strong the Dosh etc. becomes imbalance. In this manner Agni playes a vital role to maintain good health or to cause disease.

Variety of Agni:

The body consists of thirteen types of Agni. One Jatharagni Five Bhutagni. Seven Dhatvagni. It is already stated that the Jatharagni is the principle Agni.Five Bhutagni and seven Dhatvagni  depends upon Jatharagni.The physiology of Jatharagni reflects the physiology of other Agni.

Further, the Agni is divided in to four types for the purpose of treatment.

1.   Tikshna Agni

2.   Manda Agni

3.   Vishama Agni

4.   Sama Agni

The above types of Agni can be confirmed by certain examinations, and mainly by the digestion ability.

Charaksanhita has stated that …..

vfXutj.k’kD;k …  p- fo- 4 @ 6

This Agni is known as Antaragni, Kayagi and Pavaka also.

5.Root of Agni:

 According to the Shankhya Vaisheshika criterion the whole universe is a creature of the Panchmahabhut. It is known as five elements.

1.Pruthvi 2. akash 3. Tej  4. Vayu 5. Jal

 [ earth – sky – fire – air – water ]

As the whole universe is created by the Panchmahabhut, naturally the body is also made by the Panchmahabhut = five elements. In support of this ideology Sushrutsanhita has narrated that:

        vfLeu~ 'kjhjs iapegkHkwr 'kjhfj leok;% iq:"k bR;qP;rs AAlq- lw- 1 @22 &23

Amongst the above Panchmahabhut three movable Mahabhut are identify in the body as Vayu, Pitta and Kapha. Agni is existing as a Pitta in the body. It is particles of Tej Mahabhut. This is the theory of Air Water and Fire.

Vayu Pitta and Kapha is known as Dosh – Tri Dosh. This Dosh are perverts Dhatu, Mala, and Srotas etc. in the body causes disease.

The metabolism regulates these Tri Dosh and health maintains.

According to this ideology of Ayurved the balance and imbalance of TriDosh Dhatu and Mala depends upon Agni. [sama Agni and Visham Agni]

The food substances which are intake digested by the strength of Agni. If Agni is poor it will unable to digest food materials, and will effect to the metabolism. This defective metabolism produces Aam.

5.Aam: the important factor of Saam Niram condition

Litterally Aam means raw. According to the terminology, Aam is undigested food substances in the body.

We daily take various food to maintain our body and to maintain good health. The main function of Jatharagni is to digest food substances. [ikpu fdz;k]   Due to mal functions of Jatharagni the food substances are not digested properly – completely. These undigested – semi digested food substances accumulated in G I tract in primary stage, but, when the G I tract get saturated the above accumulated substances speads in the other parts of the body. It spreads in Dosh Dhatu Mal Srotas etc.These undigested or semi digested food materials known as Aam. And Aam is caused for all diseases.

See the quotation from Charaksanhita … izk;s.kke leqRFkRosuke; b;qP;rs AA p- fu- 1@5

7. Saam – Niram condition:

 Saam means with Aam. When Dosh Dhatu Mal etc. mixed with Aam is called Saam condition. [l & vke ]

        vkesu rsu lai`Drk nks"kknw";k’p nwf"krk% A

      lkek bR;qifn;fUr ;S p jksxkLrnqn~Hkok% AA  v- g`- lw- 13 @27

Here it is explained that when Dosh Dhatu and Mala are intermixed with Aam and they spoils by Aam, is known as Saam. This condition can be considered as intermixed condition of the Dosh etc. in various parts in the body. The PH of this condition is acidic.

        This Aam is a media for germs – virus and bacteria’s.

Niram means without Aam. This is a reverse condition than Saam condition. Langhan and Shodhan is prescribed to prepare Niram condition.

The stages are suggested for Niramikaran treatment as under.

        In first stage Dosh etc. are separated from Aam.

        In second stage Aam is brought to Kostha – G I tract.

        In third stage it is thrown out from the body.

After this the body becomes Niram. So, it is mandatory to bring Niram status, otherwise any specific treatment may not be effective.

Remember the versr stated in starting of this…

fujke nsgL; gh Hks"ktkfu ;qDrkfu ve`rksiekfu AA

8. Comparison of Aam with modern medical science

It is highly impossible to compare the theory of Saam Niram with modern medical science as the ideology of both the science are varies. Even than the possible comparison of Aam is below.

According to Ayurvedic ideology Aam is considered as whole undigested – semi digested food materials. However it is not so according to the modern medical science. So individually disease wise it can be compare. 

The main three ingredients of our food are proteins carbohydrates and fat. This ingredients are digested by the various enzymes in G I tract, and finally the end products are produced. [faeces urine and sweat]

Proteins are converted in to amino acid and urea. Carbohydrates and fat are converted in to fluids and carbon dioxide. If the digestion power becomes weak the above materials are not digested properly and the end products are too not produces properly, and it turns in to intermediary and semi digested materials.  The uric acid is produced by semi digested proteins which gets accumulated in joints in rheumatic disease. [aamavat]. The lactic acid is formed by the semi digested carbohydrates and fat. These semi digested materials can be compared as Aam.

Furthe, when the above ingredients of food remains semi digested, they produces acidic materials. They are as under:

1.    Beta hydroxyl

2.    Buteric acid

3.    Acito acetic acid [die acetic acid]

4.    Acetone

This materials are collectivlly known as Ketonebodies. The reaction of this ketonebodies is acidic. These materials are also compared with Aam. The reaction of Aam is also acidic.

Due to cellular reaction lactic acid always goes in a blood and due to chemical reactions it forms the end product – waste materials. In condition of weak metabolism the above materials remains semi digested. This can be also compare with Aam.

Due to the condition of lacking of insulin or mal functions of liver, glucose is not converted in to glycogen and it remains undigested. These undigested materials are also to be considered as Aam.

The semi digested materials when enters in a lymph of diabetic patient it becomes a cause for non healing ulcer – wounds. Thus in diabetic patient this undigested materials are also compare with Aam. Thus Aam gets spreads both in extra cellular and intra cellular fluids.

In short undigested and semi digested food materials are accumulated and spreads in the body is Aam. Thus, according to the modern medical science undigested semi digested materials in individual condition can be compared with Aam.

9. Niramikaran:

The Saam and Niram condition has its own specific symptoms, which are as under:

        lzksrksjks/kcyHkza’k xkSjok·fuy ew<rk% A

      vkyL;kifDr fuf"Bo eylaxk·:fpDyek% AA

      fyaxa eykuka lkekuka fujkek.kka foi;Z;% A  v- g`- lw- 13@23 &24

The above symptoms indicates Saam condition and its opposite symptoms indicates the Niram condition. The knowledge of Saam and Niram condition is essential to decide the treatment.

Langhan, Dipan, Pachan and Anuloman treatment is prescribed for Saam condition.

        0 Langhan prevents to produce Aam.

        0 Dipan increases the strength of Agni.

        0 Pachan digest the accumulated Aam and separates the intermixed

           Aam FROM Dosh etc. .

        0 Anuloman through out Aam from the body.

Thus, the body becomes free from Aam and becomes Niram. During the action of Anuloman Vaata plays important role. Vaata through out Aam from the body by its action through Vaman and Virechan, whichever is the nearest way. This is known as a part of Shodhan treatment.

Thus, Niramikaran is necessary before giving the prescribed treatment for the disease.

It is strongly stated in the texts that Saam Dosh should not be driven away from the body otherwise it will destroy the body. See…

        loZnsgizfol`rku~ lkeku~ nks"kku~ u fugZjsr~ A

      yhuku~ /kkrq"ouqfRDy"Vku~ Qyknkeknzlkfuo AA

      vkJ;L; fg uk’kk; rs L;wnsfuZgZjLor% A   v-g~-lw- 13@28

Thus, Aam is  to be driven out only after separating Dosh etc. and then draining it in to Kostha – G I tract. 

Again I would like to narrate the verse…

    fujke nsgL; gh Hks"ktkfu ;qDrkfu ve`rksiekfu AA

The above factual proves that the treatment is successful only in Niram condition. This is an original concept of Ayurved which is a result oriented concept of Ayurvedic methodology, there by plays a vital role in the treatment according to the Ayurvedic systems of medicines.

10. Conclusion:

◙ The theory of Saam Niram is important for treatment according to Ayurved.

◙ Without Niramikaran the treatment is not effective and result oriented.

◙   The condition of Saam Niram is decided by its symptometology.

◙  The theory of Saam Niram is considered as primary treatment.

◙  By applying the theory of Saam Niram successful results can be obtain in chronic and challengeable diseases.

The original theory of Saam Niram is required to be enlighten in order to popularize Ayurved in the field of medical science.

11. The brief clinical application:

1.   Diagnosis of Saam

◙ Darshan pariksha

◙ Sparshan pariksha

◙ Prashna pariksha

2.   Parallel laboratory, radiological and allied investigations from modern side.

3.   First phase of treatment.

        Niramikaran treatment given to the patient.

        ◙  Langhan [chukuvallam]

        ◙  Dipan

        ◙  Pachan

        ◙  Anuloman and Sansarjankram

        4.  Rediagnosis of Niram status by

◙ Darshan pariksha

◙ Sparshan pariksha

◙ Prashna pariksha

4.   Specific treatment

◙  Second phase of treatment

6. Scientific prescription of patients life style to maintain Niram status though out his life. Because Ayurved is not only medical science, it is a science of life.

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